AEC 764 Economics of Forestry and Agroforestry Management

Lecturer: Dr. Benchaphun Ekasingh (bench@mcc.aggie.cmu.ac.th)

Place: Multiple Cropping Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University

Term offered: 1^st semester

Time: TT 10.30-12.00

Course Description

Context of forestry and agroforestry activities and/or projects operated by farmers or entrepreneurs. Calculation and analysis of inputs, outputs, costs and benefits in the long run. Problems in cost and benefit assessment including impacts on the environment and communities. Planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of forestry and agroforestry development work.

Objective

1.	To make students understand the relationships between forestry/agroforestry activities/projects and socio-economic as well as environmental variables.
2.	To provide students with necessary tools and methods for financial and economic analyses of forestry and agroforestry systems.
3.	To enable students to have the ability to efficiently plan, implement, monitor and evaluate activities/projects in forestry/agroforestry

	Contents	Lecture hours
1.	Socio-economic context of forestry/agroforestry activities:	6
	relationships and components in agroforestry systems, tree and land tenure, community organization, conflicts of interests.
2.	Calculation of inputs and outputs: stock and flow, risk, time for forestry products.	9
3.	Analysis of agroforestry practices and non-timber products.	12
4.	Problems in cost and benefit evaluation: conservation benefits, biodiversity, option and bequest values	6
5.	Externalities and environmental ethics.	3
6.	Management and development of forestry/agroforestry	9
	planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation.
	Total hours	45

Readings

Main texts

W.L. Adamowicz, P.C. Boxall, M.K. Luckert, W.E. Phillips and W.A. White. 1996. Forestry, Economics and the Environment. Wallingford: CAB International.

W. David Klemperer. 1996. Forest Resource Economics and Finance. New York: McGraw-Hill International.

Gregory M. Sullivan, Susan M. Huke and Jefferson M. Fox. 1992. Financial and Economic Analysies of Agroforestry Systems. Proceedings of a workshop held in Honolulu, Hawaii, USA. July 1991. Paia, Hawaii: Nitrogen Fixing Tree Association.

1. Socio-economic context of forestry/agroforestry activities:relationships and components in agroforestry systems, tree and land tenure, community organization, conflicts of interests.

Economic and Socio-Cultural Issues

Marilyn W. Hoskins. “Agroforestry and the social milieu.” In H.A. Steppler and P.K.R. Nair. Agroforestry: a Decade of Development. Nairobi: ICRAF, 1987.

Louise Fortmann. 1988. “The view from the Farmer: Social Dimensions of Agroforestry.” Agroforestry Land-Use Systems. Proceedings of a Special Session on Agroforestry Land-Use Systems in International Agronomy. American Society of Agronomy Annual Meetings. November 29-28, 1988. Anaheim, California.

P.K.R. Nair. 1990. The Prospects for Agroforestry in the Tropics. World Bank Technical Paper No. 131. Washington, D.C.: the World Bank, ch.4 Economic and Socio-Cultural Issues.

Economic-Ecological relationships

R. Mendelsohn. 1996. “ An Economic-Ecological Model for Ecosystem Management.” In W.L. Adamowicz, P.C. Boxall, M.K. Luckert, W.E. Phillips and W.A. White. 1996. Forestry, Economics and the Environment. Wallingford: CAB International, pp. 213-221.

Gender dimensions

den Biggelaar, Christoffel. 1995. “When a woman is a man: inter and intra-gender differences in tree tenure and planting in Rwanda.” Agroforestry Today. 7(2):13-15.

Fortmann, Louise and Dianne Rocheleau. 1985. Women and agroforestry: four myths and three case studies. Agroforestry Systems 2:253-272.

Moreno-Black, Geraldine, Prapimporn Somnasang and Sompong Thamthawan. 1994. “Women in northeastern Thailand: preservers of botanical diversity.” Indigenous Knowledge and Development Monitor. 2(3):21.

Forest Economics

W. David Klemperer. 1996. Forest Resource Economics and Finance. New York: McGraw-Hill International. ch 1 Introduction 1-19, ch 2 Microeconomics Review, pp.20-58.

Forest Products

C.J. Jepma. 1995. Tropical Deforestation: A Socio-Economic Approach. London: Earthscan, ch.2 Forest Products, pp.22-47.

2. Calculation of inputs and outputs: stock and flow, risk, time for forestry products

John B. Raintree. 1991. Socioeconomic attributes of trees and tree planting. Community Forestry Note No. 9 Rome: FAO. Ch. 2 The socioeconomic attributes of trees, 7-20.

W. David Klemperer. 1996. Forest Resource Economics and Finance. New York: McGraw-Hill International. Ch. 4 Forest as Capital.101-133.

3. Analysis of agroforestry practices and non-timber products

Agroforestry systems

Sara J. Scherr. 1992. “Not out of the woods yet: Challenges for Economics Research on Agroforestry.” American Journal of Agricultural Economics. August 1992: 802-808.

Ken G. MacDicken and N.T. Vergara (eds). 1990. Agroforestry: Classification and Management. New York : John Wiley and Sons. Ch.9 Economics of Agroforestry.

S. Wannawong, G.H. Belt and C.W. Mcketta. 1991. “Benefit-cost analysis of selected agroforestry systems in Northern Thailand. Agroforestry Systems 16: 83-94.

A. Ramirez, C. Sere and J. Uquillas. 1992. “An economic analysis of improved agroforestry practices in the Amazon lowlands of Ecuador.” Agroforestry Systems 17:65-86.

Gregory M. Sullivan, Susan M. Huke and Jefferson M. Fox. 1992. Financial and Economic Analysis of Agroforestry Systems. Proceedings of a workshop held in Honolulu, Hawaii, USA. July 1991. Paia, Hawaii: Nitrogen Fixing Tree Association, pp. 3-71.

Marcelino Avila. “Economics of Agroforestry Systems.” In Gregory M. Sullivan, Susan M. Huke and Jefferson M. Fox. 1992. Financial and Economic Analysis of Agroforestry Systems. Proceedings of a workshop held in Honolulu, Hawaii, USA. July 1991. Paia, Hawaii: Nitrogen Fixing Tree Association, pp. 77-94.

Non-wood forest products

FAO. 1996. Income generation from non-wood forest products in upland conservation. FAO Conservation Guide 30. Rome.

Valuation methods

W. David Klemperer. 1996. Forest Resource Economics and Finance. New York: McGraw-Hill International. Ch 14 Valuing Nonmarket Forest Outputs, pp.418-447.

J.B. Loomis. 1996. “Measuring General Public Preservation Values for Forest Resources: Evidence from Contingent Valuation Surveys.” Ch. 6 In W.L. Adamowicz, P.C. Boxall, M.K. Luckert, W.E. Phillips and W.A. White. 1996. Forestry, Economics and the Environment. Wallingford: CAB International, 91-102.

Randall A. Kramer, Evan Mercer and Narendra Sharma. 1996. “Valuing Tropical Rainforest Protection Using the Contingent Valuation Method.” Ch. 10 In W.L. Adamowicz, P.C. Boxall, M.K. Luckert, W.E. Phillips and W.A. White. 1996. Forestry, Economics and the Environment. Wallingford: CAB International, pp. 181-194.

B. Stewart and M. Martel. 1996. “Appication of a Bioeconomic Strategic Planning Model to an Industrial Forest in Saskatchewan.” In W.L. Adamowicz, P.C. Boxall, M.K. Luckert, W.E. Phillips and W.A. White. 1996. Forestry, Economics and the Environment. Wallingford: CAB International, pp. 222-243.

4. Problems in cost and benefit evaluation: conservation benefits, biodiversity, option and bequest values

R.E. Evenson, D. Gollin and V. Santaniello. 1998. “Introduction and Overview: Agricultural Values of Plant Genetic Resources.” In R.E. Evenson, D. Gollin and V. Santaniello. (eds). 1998. Agricultural Values of Plant Genetic Resources. Wallingford, Uk., CABI Publishing, pp. 1-25.

5. Externalities and environmental ethics

R. Kerry Turner, David Pearce and Ian Bateman. 1994. Environmental Economics: An Elementary Introduction. Cornwell ; T.J.Press. Ch 1 The Big Economy and Ch. 2 Environment and ethics, pp. 1-40.

6. Management and development of forestry/agroforestry: planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation.

Planning

Forest demand and supply

W. David Klemperer. 1996. Forest Resource Economics and Finance. New York: McGraw-Hill International, ch. 12 Timber demand and supply, pp.362-394.

Emerging issues

Intellectual Property and Farmers’ rights

J. Esquinas-Alcazar. 1998. “Farmers’ Rights.” In R.E. Evenson, D. Gollin and V. Santaniello. (eds). 1998. Agricultural Values of Plant Genetic Resources. Wallingford, Uk., CABI Publishing, pp.207-218.

B. D. Wright. 1998. “Intellectual Property and Farmers’ Right.” In In R.E. Evenson, D. Gollin and V. Santaniello. (eds). 1998. Agricultural Values of Plant Genetic Resources. Wallingford, Uk., CABI Publishing, pp.219-232.

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