Thesis Abstract of AGS Students

Duong Viet Tinh (1997)

The present study was conducted to explore possibility of improving productivity and profitability of peanut production in coastal sandy soil zone of Hue province, Vietnam. This study consisted of field survey as well as field experiment

Field survey was conducted in three villages namely Phuda, Vinhthai, and Quangthai in Hue province. Results of field survey suggested that lack of high yielding varieties, poor soil fertility, lack of manure as well as disproportion application of N and P fertilizers were the main causes of low yield in peanut which led to less areas of peanut production.

Field experiment was conducted to examine effect of P fertilizer on peanut yield improvement in coastal sandy soil of Hue province. The experimental design was split-plot with three replications. Treatments of field experiment consisted of four peanut varieties namely Tramxuyen, Giay, Mokhet, and Senlai as the main-plot with four levels of phosphorus fertilizer application (0, 60, 90, and 120 kg. P₂O₅ ha^-1) as sub-plot.

The results of field experiment indicated that peanut growth and yield were strongly influenced by P application and different varieties. Phosphorous fertilizer application was effective in increasing leaf areas, nodule dry weight, dry matter yield, number of total pod, number of filled pod, and 100-pod weight. Pod yield of peanut for all varieties increased significantly as levels of phosphorous fertilizer application increased from 0 to 120 kg P₂O₅ ha^-1. Average pod yield was 569, 1,711, 2,261, and 2,291 kg ha^-1 with respect to 0, 60, 90, and 120 kg P₂O₅ ha^-1. The highest pod yield was found at level of 90 kg P₂O₅ ha^-1 which was 2,763 kg ha^-1 in Senlai variety. In contrast, the lowest pod yield was recorded at level of 0 kg P₂O₅ ha^-1 which was 421 kg ha^-1 in Giay variety. However, pod yield of peanut in the treatment with 90 kg P₂O₅ ha^-1 and 120 kg P₂O₅ ha^-1 were not significantly difference. Generally speaking, improved peanut variety (Senlai) gave significant greater pod yield than local variety (Giay and Mokhet). Average pod yield of Giay, Tramxuyen, Mokhet, and Senlai varieties were 1,373, 1,674, 1,737, and 2,047 kg ha^-1 respectively.

Results also indicated that there was negative changes of soil chemical properties occurred in treatments without P (0 kg P₂O₅ ha^-1) and positive changes was observed in treatments with P (90 to 120 kg P₂O₅ ha^-1) in terms of soil pH, total N, and available P in the soil when compared with soil property before conducting of the field experiment.

There was significant difference of total revenue as phosphorous fertilizer application levels increased. The highest total revenue was found in Senlai variety which was 11.1 million Vietnam Dong (VND) at 120 kg P₂O₅ ha^-1 and the lowest total revenue was observed in Giay variety which was 2.2 million (VND) at 0 kg P₂O₅ ha^-1. Besides, the highest gross margin was found in Senlai variety which was 8.9 million (VND) at 90 kg P₂O₅ ha^-1. Analysis results suggested that application of 90 kg P₂O₅ ha^-1 would provide the highest economic efficiency of peanut production in coastal sandy soil zone. Among peanut varieties, Senlai provided the highest gross margin than other varieties. Benefit of peanut production was not only high gross margin but also improving soil fertility in cropping systems as well as reduce pressure of labour shortage on production system.

In order to improve peanut productivity in the coastal sandy soil zone, results from this study recommended that farmers should apply phosphorus fertilizer at 90 kg P₂O₅ ha^-1 and using Senlai, an improved peanut variety. In addition, government and local authorities should provide credit for phosphorus fertilizer.

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