AGS 703   Agricultural Systems and Economic Development

 

Lecturer:  Dr.  Benchaphun  Ekasingh and Dr. Jirawan Kitchaicharoen

Lecture time : Monday, Wednesday 9.30-11.00 am.

Room: MCC classroom

Semester: 1/2004

 

Objective :  To introduce a basic understanding of the systems dynamics of agricultural development.  The course will guide students to understand how agricultural systems at different levels (field, farm, village, province, region, nation, and world) are related to abundance and scarcity of economic resources.

 

Course Content                                                                                                          Lecture Hours

1.  Development concepts and experiences                                                                               3.0

1.1 Meaning of development

1.2 Indicators of development

2.  Global outlook of agricultural/economic development                                                           10.5

2.1 Agricultural/economic development in different regions of the world                         3.0

2.2 Poverty and malnutrition                                                                                        1.5

2.3 Global environmental problems                                                                               1.5

2.4 Macroeconomic policies in the global context: effects on the agricultural sector         3.0

2.5 International trade and relations: effects on development                                          1.5

3.  Different models of development                                                                                         6.0

4.  National policies and institutions affecting development                                                        12.0

4.1 Government policies and measures                                                                         1.5

4.2 Agricultural systems development                                                                           1.5

4.3 Land tenure and reform                                                                                         3.0

4.4 Prices and marketing                                                                                             3.0

4.5 Credit and finance                                                                                                 3.0

5. Local governance                                                                                                                4.5

5.1 Decentralization and participatory processes

5.2 Institutions and the incentive systems

5.3 Social capital for development                                                                                    

6.  Household level decision making                                                                                          4.5

6.1 Context of agricultural systems

6.2 Household decision making

7. Intrahousehold level decision-making and resource allocation                                                  4.5

7.1 Gender concerns in agricultural development

7.2 Gender analysis

            Total                                                                                                                       45.0

 

 

AGS 703:  Evaluation

1. Homeworks                                                                                                                      30%

2. Mid-term                                                                                                                          30%

3. Final                                                                                                                                 40%

 

 


Assignments

 

 

  1. Models of development.  After 3 lectures on models of development.  Students make 5-10 minute presentation about their search on a topic of model of development.  Submit also 3 page about their research.

They give reflection about whose presentation is best and second best, why?

Write half a page on it.  Also reflection of the assignment.  Teacher will give reward to the student who present well, search and write well and give good account of his/her reflection.

 

 

  1. National level policies and institutions.

Students are divided into two groups, each with 3-4 members.  They are to discuss about the role of government, why we need government, what areas we need government to do, why?  They will present what their group conclusions.

 

 

3. Group discussions out of class on a case study on agricultural reform in Africa.   Two papers as background by Carl Eicher from Staatz and Eicher (1988).   Students make group presentations. 

 

4.  Market reform. Two  case studies of India and Camaroon.  Students broke into two groups of 3 persons.  One discussed India and presented.  The other discussed Camaroon and presented.  Whole class group discussion on market reform.  

 

5. Credit.  Students present about credit situations in their country.  Individual presentation.

 

6. Agricultural Development. Students submit a 10 page paper on CGIAR impact.

 

 



 

AGS 703  READINGS

 

1.      Development concepts and experiences

M.P. Todaro. 2000. Economic Development. 7th ed. Reading, Massachusetts:  Addison-Wesley. 

            Ch 1  Economics, Institutions, and Development: A Global Perspective, pp. 1-28.

            Ch. 2  Diverse Structures and Common Characteristics of Developing Nations. pp. 29-76

 

2.      Global outlook of economic/agricultural development

           

            Poverty and Malnutrition

Gordon Conway. 1997.  The Doubly Green Revolution: Food for all in the 21st century.  London: Penguin Books.

            Ch. 1  Hunger and Poverty

            Ch. 2 The Year 2020

Debraj Ray. 1998.  Development Economics.  Princeton: Princeton University Press.

            Ch. 8 Poverty and Undernutrition: 249-294

 

            Agricultural/ economic development in different regions of the world

Gordon Conway. 1997.  The Doubly Green Revolution: Food for all in the 21st century.  London: Penguin Books

            Ch. 4 Past successes

            Ch. 5 Food production and the poor

 

            Macroeconomic policies in the global context: effect on the agricultural sector

M.P. Todaro. 2000. Economic Development. 7th ed. Reading, Massachusetts:  Addison-Wesley.

            Ch. 14  Balance of Payments, Third World Debt, and the Macroeconomic Stabilization Controversy.  pp. 541-576.

 

            -International trade and relations: effects on development

M.P. Todaro. 2000. Economic Development. 7th ed. Reading, Massachusetts:  Addison-Wesley.

-          Ch.12 Trade Theory and Development Experience,pp. 457-496.

-          Ch 13 The Trade Policy Debate: Export Promotion, Import Substitution, and Economic Integration. pp. 497-540.

 

3. Different models of agricultural development      

M.P. Todaro. 2000. Economic Development. 7th ed. Reading, Massachusetts:  Addison-Wesley.

            Ch. 3  Theories of Development: A Comparative Analysis., pp.77-113.

 

4.      National policies and institutions affecting development

            -Government policies and measures

Uma Lele. 1984. “Rural Africa: Modernization, Equity and Long-term Development” In Carl K. Eicher and John M. Staatz. Ed. Agricultural Development in The Third World. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press, pp.436- 453.

M.P. Todaro. 2000. Economic Development. 7th ed. Reading, Massachusetts:  Addison-Wesley.

            Ch. 16  Planning, Markets and the Role of the State. pp. 621-655.

 

 

            -Agricultural development

Carl K. Eicher. 1984. “Facing Up to Africa’s Food Crisis.” In Carl K. Eicher and John M. Staatz. Ed. Agricultural Development in The Third World. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press, pp.453-479.

Uma Lele. 1984. “Rural Africa: Modernization, Equity, and Long-term Development.” In Carl K. Eicher and John M. Staatz. Ed. Agricultural Development in The Third World. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press, pp.437-452.

Gordon Conway. 1997.  The Doubly Green Revolution: Food for all in the 21st century.  London: Penguin Books

            Ch. 3 A Doubly Green Revolution.

M.P. Todaro. 2000. Economic Development. 7th ed. Reading, Massachusetts:  Addison-Wesley.

            Ch. 10  Agricultural Transformation and Rural Development. pp.363-408.

 

            -Land tenure and land reform

M.P. Todaro. 2000. Economic Development. 7th ed. Reading, Massachusetts:  Addison-Wesley.

            Ch. 10  Agricultural Transformation and Rural Development. pp.363-408.

Niu Ruofeng and Chen Jiyuan. 1992. “Small farmers in China and their development” In Sustainable Agricultural Development: The Role of International Cooperation.  Proceedings of Twenty-First International Conference of Agricultural Economists, Dartmouth.

John Davis, Liming Wang and Fu Chen. 2001. “Land Reform Initiatives in China.” In G.H. Peters and Prabhu Pingali (eds). Tomorrow’s Agriculture: Incentives, Institutions, Infrastructure and Innovations.  Proceedings of Twenty-Fourth International Conference of Agricultural Economists, Berlin, p.383-398.

Mitsugi Kamiya. 1983. “Structural Changes in Japanese Agriculture.” In Land Tenure and the Small Farmers in Asia. Food and Fertilizer Technology Center for the Pacific Region.  FFTC Book Series, No. 24.

 

            -Prices and marketing

Nicholas R. Ludy. 1984. “Prices, Markets and the Chinese Peasant”, in Carl K. Eicher and John M. Staatz. Ed. Agricultural Development in The Third World. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press, 1984.  pp.420-435.

P.V. Srinivasan and Shikha Jha. 2002. “Globalization and Public Agricultural Research in India” In  In David Bigman (ed). Globalization and the Developing Countries: Emerging Strategies for Rural Development and Poverty Alleviation. Oxen and New York: CABI. pp. 103-122.

Aloysius Ajab Amin, Emmanuel Douya, and Alexander Mbeaoh. 2002.  “ The Impact of trade Liberalization and Domestic Policy Reforms on the Agricultural Sector in Cameroon.” In David Bigman (ed). Globalization and the Developing Countries: Emerging Strategies for Rural Development and Poverty Alleviation. Oxen and New York: CABI, pp.155-170.

 

            -Credit and finance

Debraj Ray. 1998.  Development Economics.  Princeton: Princeton University Press.

            Debraj Ray. 1998.  Development Economics.  Princeton: Princeton University Press.

            Ch. 14  Credit, pp. 529-589

 

5.         Local governance

            -Decentralization and participatory processes

Mark Poffenberger and Betsy McGean. 1993. Community Allies: Forest Co-Management in Thailand.  Berkeley : University of California.

Philip Hirsch. 1997. “A State of Uncertainty: Political Economy of Community Resource Management at Tab Salao, Thailand.”  Sojourn. 10(2): 172-97.

 

            -Institutions and the incentive systems

Elinor Ostrom. 1990. Governing the Commons: the Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.pp. 88-102

            -Social Capital for development

Mildred Warner, Clare Hinrichs, Judy Schneyer, and Lucy Joyce.  1997. “Sustaining the Rural Landscape by Building Community Social Capital.”  Community Development Reports. Cornell Community and Rural Development Institute, Vol 5, No. 2, Fall 1997.  www.cardi.cornell.edu/publications/edr/edr5-2.htm l

Paul Collier. 1998. Social Capital and Poverty.  Social Capital Initiative Working Paper No. 4.

            www.worldbank.org/poverty/scapital/wkrppr/sciwp4.pdf

 

6.      Household level decision making

            -Context of agricultural systems

Walter de Boef, Kojo Amanor, Kate Wellard with Anthony Bebbington. 1993.  Cultivating Knowledge: Genetic Diversity, Farmer Experimentation and Crop Research. London: Intermediate Technology Publications. Introduction. pp. 1-13

            -Household decision making

Charal Thong-Ngam, Benchaphun Shinawatra, Sean Healy and Guy Trebuil. 1997. “Resource Management and Decision Making in the Thai Highlands.”  Journal of Contemporary Asia.  27(2): 179-197.

Dillion, J. and Hardarker, J.B. Farm Management Research for Small Farmer Development. 1993.  FAO Farm Systems Management Series No. 6, Rome: FAO.

Robert Chambers. 1997.  Whose Reality Counts?  Putting the First Last.  London: Intermediate Technology Publications.

            ch 6 “Learning to learn” pp.102-129

            ch 7 “What works and why”. pp.130-187

 

7.      Intrahousehold level decision-making and resource allocation

 

            -Gender concerns in agricultural development

Katrine A. Saito and Daphne Spurling. 1992. Developing Agricultural Extension for Women Farmers.  World Bank Discussion Papers 156. Washington, D.C.: The World Bank.

            Ch. 2 Understanding how gender affects agricultural production.

            Ch. 3 “  Generating Appropriate Technology for Women Farmers.”

Irene Guijt and Meera Kaul Shah. (ed). 1998.  The Myth of Community: Gender Issues in Participatory Development.  London: Intemediate Technology Publications

            ch 3  Marag Humble. “Assessing PRA for Implementing Gender and Development.” pp.35-45

            ch 4  Andrea Cornwall.  “Gender, Participation and the Politics of Difference” pp. 46-57.

            ch 7  Ranjani K. Murthy. “Learning About Participation from Gender Relations of Female Infanticide” pp. 78-92

 

            -Gender analysis

Hilary Sims Feldstein and Susan V. Poats with Kathleen Cloud and Rosalie Huisinga Norem. 1989. "Conceptual Framework for Gender Analysis in Farming Systems Research and Extension" In Hilary Sims Feldstein and Susan V. Poats (eds). Ch.1.  Working Together: Gender Analysis in Agriculture. Vol. 1 Case Studies.  West Hartford, Connecticut: Kumarian Press.

Monica Opole. 1993. “Revalidating women’s knowledge on indigenous vegetables: implications for policy.”  in Walter de Boef, Kojo Amanor, Kate Wellard with Anthony Bebbington. Cultivating Knowledge: Genetic Diversity, Farmer Experimentation and Crop Research. London: Intermediate Technology Publications. pp. 157-164.